"Beyond the Event Horizon of a Black Hole is the Beginning of Another Universe" (Today's Most Popular)

Do black holes hold the key that could unlock the secrets of our patch of the universe? Some of the world's leading physicists believe that in the event that quantum effects allow time to extend indefinitely into the past that it could be possible that beyond the event horizon of a black hole is the beginning of another universe.

Embedded in the heart of each of the universe's one trillion galaxies  is a supermassive black hole that is roughly one million to one billion times the mass of the sun. About 10 percent of these giant black holes feature jets of plasma, or highly ionized gas, that extend in opposite directions of the black hole. By spewing huge amounts of mostly kinetic energy from the black holes into the universe, the jets affect how stars and other bodies form, and play a crucial role in the evolution of clusters of galaxies, the largest structures in the universe.

“This black hole in the center of the cluster is affecting everything else in that cluster,” said Dan Evans, a postdoctoral researcher at MIT's Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research. Because a jet gently heats the gas it carries throughout a galaxy cluster, it can slow and even prevent stars, which are created by the condensation and collapse of cool molecular gas, from forming, thereby affecting the growth of galaxies, Evans explained. “Without these jets, clusters of galaxies would look very different.”
How these jets form remains one of the most important unsolved mysteries in extragalactic astrophysics. Now Evans may be one step closer to unlocking that mystery.

For two years, Evans has been comparing several dozen galaxies whose black holes host powerful jets (known as radio-loud active galactic nuclei, or AGN -like the image of the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way shown above) to those galaxies with supermassive black holes that do not eject jets. All black holes — those with and without jets — feature accretion disks, the clumps of dust and gas rotating just outside their event horizon.

By examining the light reflected in the accretion disk of an AGN black hole, Evans has concluded that jets may form right outside black holes that have a retrograde spin — or which spin in the opposite direction from their accretion disk. Although Evans and a colleague recently hypothesized that the gravitational effects of black hole spin may have something to do with why some have jets.
 
While researchers know that the mass of a black hole is intimately linked to the galaxy in which it is located, they have, until now, known little about the role of its second fundamental property — spin. Evans asserts that spin is crucial to understanding the dynamics of a black hole’s host galaxy because it may actually create the jet that regulates the growth of that galaxy and the universe.

Although Evans has suspected for nearly five years that retrograde black holes with jets are missing the innermost portion of their accretion disk, it wasn’t until last year that computational advances meant that he could analyze data collected between late 2007 and early 2008 by the Suzaku observatory, a Japanese satellite launched in 2005 with collaboration from NASA, to provide an example to support the theory. With these data, Evans and colleagues from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Yale University, Keele University and the University of Hertfordshire in the United Kingdom analyzed the spectra of a supermassive black hole with a jet located about 800 million light years away in an AGN named 3C 33.

Astrophysicists can see the signatures of X-ray emission from the inner regions of the accretion disk, which is located close to the edge of a black hole, as a result of a super hot atmospheric ring called a corona that lies above the disk and emits light that an observatory like Suzaku can detect. In addition to this direct light, a fraction of light passes down from the corona onto the black hole’s accretion disk and is reflected from the disk’s surface, resulting in a spectral signature pattern called the Compton reflection hump, also detected by Suzaku.

But Evans’ team never found a Compton reflection hump in the X-ray emission given off by 3C 33, a finding the researchers believe provides crucial evidence that the accretion disk for a black hole with a jet is truncated, meaning it doesn’t extend as close to the center of the black hole with a jet as it does for a black hole that does not have a jet. The absence of this innermost portion of the disk means that nothing can reflect the light from the corona, which explains why observers only see a direct spectrum of X-ray light.

The researchers believe the absence may result from retrograde spin, which pushes out the orbit of the innermost portion of accretion material as a result of general relativity, or the gravitational pull between masses. This absence creates a gap between the disk and the center of the black hole that leads to the piling of magnetic fields that provide the force to fuel a jet.

The field of research will expand considerably in August 2011 with the planned launch of NASA’s Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) satellite, which is 10 to 50 times more sensitive to spectra and the Compton reflection hump than current technology.

NuSTAR will help researchers conduct a “giant census” of supermassive black holes that “will absolutely revolutionize the way we look at X-ray spectra of AGN,” Evans explained. He plans to spend another two years comparing black holes with and without jets, hoping to learn more about the properties of AGN. His goal over the next decade is to determine how the spin of a supermassive black hole evolves over time.

Casey Kazan via Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Comments

[Hamy]

As it is theorised that our universe is actually inside a black hole, could it be that what we witness as the Great Attractor is actually the innermost end of one of a pair of our (black hole) universe's plasma jets?
Would it make sense therefore to look for its pair in a diametrically opposite direction to the flow towards the Attractor itself?

[MetricTons]

@Hamy That's an interesting thought. Remember the stream of galaxies?

[James Ph. Kotsybar]

BLACK HOLE
-- James Ph. Kotsybar

Containing nothing that’s ambivalent,
more than dark, which would only be dreary,
death’s non-spiritual equivalent
crushes our intellect to theory.

Passage through is most certainly one way,
and thus it incites our speculation.
What would occur, if we wandered astray
into this singular aberration?

It’s relative to where you’ve placed your clocks.
From outside we’d seem to fall forever.
Beyond that, it’s puzzling paradox.
We only know that we’d leave it never.

A downward orbit is how it begins,
and nothing’s jolly when gravity wins.

[Gregg Weber]

If so than, correct me if I'm wrong, there should be approximately the same number of "white holes" or whatever it may be. If that is not true then the who shebang is expanding like a tree with multiple branches off of each branch.

[Zephir]

>Beyond the Event Horizon of a Black Hole is the Beginning of Another Universe..

This is somewhat bold claim, if we realize, we could move with the whole Universe simply with dragging it behind sufficiently massive object.

http://www.newscientist.com/blogs/shortsharpscience/2009/05/black-hole-catching.html

http://www.physorg.com/news197128892.html

It's true, in AWT the event horizon of Universe is of the same nature, like the event horizon of black holes - we are just observing it from inside, instead of outside, which is trivial consequence of dense aether model. But the existence of another universe inside of black hole would require the existence of black hole older, then the age of our generation of Universe.

In Laura Mersini theory, if Universe would be formed with interior of black hole, then some phenomena (CMBR cold spot, dark flow, etc.) cold be interpreted like the look through jets into outer parts of it.

http://aetherwavetheory.blogspot.com/2008/11/awt-and-vorm-holes.html

>the gravitational effects of black hole spin may have something to do with why some have jets

At the case or rotating black holes the total reflection is violated at the poles of quasar first, so that the black holes of the average size are exhibiting polar jets, which can be considered as a exaggerated case of so called gravity brightening, which can be observed at the case of giant, fast rotating stars. It means, the polar jets are insintric property of large black holes by AWT, not just the result of collimation of accretion radiation and the shining black hole is losing its mass in such a way.

http://aetherwavetheory.blogspot.com/2008/10/awt-and-theory-of-black-holes.html

In AWT the galaxies were formed by "naked singularities" or white holes, i.e. quasars without event horizons. When the excessive mass of quasar has evaporated, the quasars were covered by event horizons with exception of polar jets (compare the black hole theory in previous post). This symmetry violation has given the flat shape and rotation to resulting galaxies, which were tossed like pizza dough. At the very end, the black holes rested at the centers of galaxies as a cold remnants of quasars with weak antimatter signal around it and the spherical shape of galaxies was restored gradually by tidal forces.

http://aetherwavetheory.blogspot.com/2008/10/awt-inflation-and-brane-cosmology.html

[Zephir]

>there should be approximately the same number of "white holes" or whatever it may be

You're right, in AWT the quasars are white holes (actually every shinning galaxy could be considered as such white hole - at least conceptually).

[loosenut]

"Some of the world's leading physicists believe that in the event that quantum effects allow time to extend indefinitely into the past that it could be possible that beyond the event horizon of a black hole is the beginning of another universe."

That's intriguing. Why wasn't this followed up on in the rest of the article?

[John A]

A bit all over the map, but black holes are always interesting to contemplate.

That said, as far as the "beginning of other universes", if so, they do not look or function at all like ours, or the history of this universe has been completely misinterpreted.

[dirk alan]

the universe is a 4d mobius strip.

[ConfessionsOfAManwhore dot com]

I love how they take a theory and then present it in the title as fact. Casey's credibility -1, again

[Mark J. Fiore]

See the work of Lee Smolin on this subject..

[steve cummings]

How about you just found out that there is no hole. This black hole theory is based actually on a faster than light gravitational pull. Once the matter heats during its rotation, quarks split reducing to what I call DYNES, a non charge particulate that can decide which charge it needs at a later time forming the "spin" later used by quarks. The excessive heat and speed and heavy gravity deny photons the ability to luminate. This theory is also applicable to a neutron star, this black stars opposite. The core of a black star is made up of no charge gluons and DYNES, possibly rotating at zero spin. The collissions which occur between these DYNES entering the core plasma soup ejects them into a faster than light jet, where some of the light speed gammas can be detected, as well as other slower particles that have collded and return back into the hole as witnesssed through observations. This jet gradually slows as at big bang ejections did(us), and collisions between these DYNES develope into quarks. 3 DYNES make a unit particle as in quarks, 3 sets of DYNES make a QUARK, the rest is history. Now you have the universal seeds and a universe that recycles itself.
All based on Relativity,Thermodynamics,Electromagnetics, and Gravity. Try to remember that just because we cannot detect it that it is not there. This matter makes up 90% of our universe.
All revolving like an atom, with the original Big Bang Singullarity as its core. We are a very tiny part of this thing.
The core singularity could very well be the worm hole that you are all looking for, a path to our other equal. It may be that we will all head back to this singularity ( both universes) and then Bang we all start all over again. Stars breaking down and stars growing, a perfect balance. Stars, and heavy matter need food to survive and this is natures way of providing.

[Daniel Moler]

Here's a thought for you, look at how are universe starts from really small things and make up really big things, Now image that a universe is a cell, in a body of something greater it puts together the whole idea of alternate universes with copies of ourselves and everything in our universe. Now imagine two cells meeting this connection is a worm hole, black hole, theory can easily just be a way from one cell to another. Now this is just an idea not to be taken in any form other than day dreaming and you should realize that many ideas just like this has been created by some of sciences greatest.

[katesisco]

Well, halton Arp said they were white holes, stellar nurseries, and so they are. Since the twisted ribbon has been defined as supercooled and the incoming material is warped into speed that identifies mass at the edge of the nursery, you have 451F and 450K. Does that not make you think of Taijitu?

With a little more artistic refinement we may well have two aspects of a single reality, where one become the other and exists only because of the other.

[Will]

Why all black hole picture that I googled is so bright, not black? I think, rather than absorbing matter, black hole is spewing out. So we have 2 kind of black holes, spewer and sucker.

Maybe our galaxy is spewed out by black hole. When you throw a stone into water, it form a spiral. When something threw into another dimension/medium, it will form spiral as well.